Mouse Refinements
Key Natural Behaviors
- Social structure
- Nesting
- Burrowing
- Climbing
- Foraging
- Nocturnal/crepuscular
- Avoid open spaces

A mouse peeks out of a well-formed nest.
Recommendations
- Stable group housing
- Water/food at one end
- Nesting material – a minimum of 8 grams for 3-5 mice. (Transfer clean & dry nesting material during cage change.)
- Aspen bedding is generally preferable compared to corn cob
- Tubes & climbing structures
- Avoid cages being in the direct path of ultrasound when possible (dripping taps, cart wheels, computers)
- If using individually ventilated cages, monitor for anxiety/discomfort based on high air change rate
- Running wheels
- Gnawing sticks
- Avoid bright light (mice prefer <65 lux) especially covering the top row of cages on a rack
- Grid space, mouse lofts, or mezzanines
- Pick up mice with refined methods such as tunnels, cupping, huts, ladders, etc: See our Rodent Handling page for tips
Resources
- Administration of substances: oral gavage & injections
- Aseptic technique in rodent surgery
- Refined scruffing technique
- NC3Rs Mice Resource
- Comfortable Quarters for Laboratory Animals
- RSPCA/UFAW Rabbit/Rodent Welfare Meeting Reports
- Animal Welfare Institute’s Refinement Database – Mice
